Growth of perihematomal edema (PHE) in the first 24 and 72 hours after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is independently associated with a higher likelihood of death or dependence, according to a large individual participant data meta‑analysis. For the study, researchers included adults from 12 cohort studies and trial datasets, drawn from an initial pool of 12,969 screened studies, who had a diagnostic CT scan within 72 hours of ICH onset, a repeat CT within 14 days, no surgery or treatments that could affect PHE, and available 90‑day functional outcomes. Using data from 1,523 participants (median age 66 years), they analyzed how increases in absolute PHE volume between baseline and repeat CT scans related to the primary outcome of death or dependence (modified Rankin Scale score 3–6) at 90 days. Each 1‑mL increase in PHE growth was associated with worse outcomes at both 24 hours and 72 hours, demonstrating a consistent, time‑dependent relationship between early edema expansion and poor functional recovery.