A liberal transfusion strategy did not reduce the likelihood of an unfavorable neurologic outcome at 6 months in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), according to recent research. For the study, adults with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury and anemia were randomized to receive either a liberal transfusion strategy (transfusions initiated at a hemoglobin level of ≤10 g per deciliter) or a restrictive transfusion strategy (transfusions initiated at ≤7 g per deciliter). The primary outcomes – defined as an unfavorable outcome as measured by the score on the Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended at 6 months – occurred in 68.4% of the liberal strategy group (249 of 364 patients) and in 73.5% of the restrictive strategy group (263 of 358 patients). The liberal transfusion strategy was linked to higher scores on some measures of functional independence and quality of life among survivors; however, there was no connection noted between mortality or depression and the transfusion strategy employed. In all, 8.4% of the patients in each group experienced venous thromboembolism events, while 3.3% of the liberal strategy group and 0.8% of the restrictive strategy group, respectively, had acute respiratory distress syndrome.